Flavor: Must have a characteristic chocolate flavor and be free from hammy, smoky, burnt, earthy, musty, or foul odours.
Defects: Limited mold, slaty, germinated, flat, or insect-damaged beans are allowed.
Moisture: Maximum of 7.0% moisture content in whole beans.
Foreign Matter: Maximum of 2% foreign matter (including shells, fines, and wastes).
Bean Count: Minimum of 95 beans per 100g, maximum of 103 beans per 100g.
Size: Beans should be reasonably uniform in size, with a limit on the percentage outside the range.
Grade: Different grades (Grade I, Grade II, etc.) have varying defect limits.
Inspection: Inspection and grading standards may vary depending on the region and exporter.
Packing: Usually packed in jute bags.
Storage: Should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area.
Microbial Standards: Negative for Salmonella in 25g.
Standards and Organizations:
ISO 2451:
Provides a global standard for cocoa beans, including requirements, classification, sampling, and test methods.
Sets minimum requirements for cocoa beans within the ASEAN region, including quality and keeping quality standards.
Sets higher quality standards for Ghana cocoa, known for its good fermentation and drying methods.
Codex Alimentarius Commission:
Establishes maximum residue limits for cocoa beans.